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Treatment during the pubertal peak was able to produce significantly greater increases in total mandibular length 4.

Materials and methods: A group of 40 patients 22 females and 18 males with Class II malocclusion consecutively treated either with a Bionator or an Activator followed by fixed appliances was compared with a control group of 20 subjects 9 females and 11 males with untreated Class II malocclusion.

1 mm associated with a significant advancement of the bony chin 3.

3 mm and mandibular ramus height 3.

The early-treatment group was composed of 20 subjects 12 females and 8 males treated before puberty, while the late-treatment group included 20 subjects 10 females and 10 males treated at puberty.

Objective: To assess the scientific evidence on the effectiveness of early orthopedic treatment in Class III subjects.

Statistical comparisons were performed with analysis of variance followed by Tukey's post hoc tests.

The survey covered the period from January 1966 to December 2005 and used the Medical Subject Headings MeSH.

Results: Significant long-term mandibular changes Co-Gn in the treated group 3.

Materials and methods: A literature survey was performed by applying the Medline database Entrez PubMed.

Lateral cephalograms were available at the start of treatment mean age 10 years , end of treatment with functional appliances mean age 12 years , and long-term observation mean age 18.